Adopsi dan Kehadiran Media Sosial Untuk Penanggulangan Bencana (Studi Pada Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD) Tingkat Provinsi di Indonesia)

Uuf Brajawidagda, Metta Santiputri

Abstract


Organisasi perlu mengadopsi dan aktif menggunakan media sosial agar dapat memanfaatkan sumber daya dengan masyarakat melalui media sosial sehingga dapat meningkatkan kinerja dalam mencapai tujuan organisasi. Walaupun studi mengenai partisipasi aktif masyarakat melalui media sosial dalam kegiatan penanggulangan bencana oleh lembaga kebencanaan tingkat nasional di Indonesia telah dilakukan, namun belum ada pemahaman menyeluruh mengenai tingkat adopsi dan penggunakan media sosial oleh lembaga kebencanaan tingkat provinsi. Untuk mengisi celah literature tersebut, kami menganalisis tahapan adopsi dan kehadiran di media sosial BPBD tingkat provinsi di seluruh Indonesia. Hasil analisis kami terhadap website dan akun media sosial 33 BPBD tingkat provinsi di Indonesia menunjukkan tingkat institusionalisasi media sosial yang cukup rendah dan adanya tingkat variasi kehadiran di media sosial. Kami menyajikan data terkini mengenai adopsi dan kehadiran BPBD tingkat provinsi di media sosial yang berguna bagi BNPB, BPBD dan pemerintah daerah untuk  meningkatkan kinerja organisasi dalam penanggulangan bencana.

Keywords


bencana; media sosial pemerintah; tahapan adopsi; penanggulangan bencana

Full Text:

References


A. Kaplan and M. Haenlein, “Users of the World, Unite! The Challenges and Opportunities of Social Media,” Business Horizons, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 59-68, 2010.

D. Yates and S. Paquette, “Emergency Knowledge Management and Social Media Technologies: A Case Study of the 2010 Haitian Earthquake,” International Journal of Information Management, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 6-13, 2011.

A. Chatfield and U. Brajawidagda, “Twitter Tsunami Early Warning Network: A Social Network Analysis of Twitter Information Flows,” in ACIS 2012: Location, location, location: Proceedings of the 23rd Australasian Conference on Information Systems 2012, Geelong, Australia, 2012.

S. Goggins, C. Mascaro and S. Mascaro, “Relief Work after the 2010 Haiti Earthquake: Leadership in an Online Resource Coordination Network,” in Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW), Seattle, Washington, USA, 2012, pp. 57-66.

A. Chatfield, H. Scholl and U. Brajawidagda, “Tsunami Early Warnings Via Twitter in Government: Net-Savvy Citizens' Co-Production of Time-Critical Public Information Services,” Government Information Quarterly, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 377-386, 2013.

A. Chatfield and U. Brajawidagda, “Crowdsourcing Hazardous Weather Reports from Citizens Via Twittersphere under the Short Warning Lead Times of Ef5 Intensity Tornado Conditions,” in System Sciences (HICSS), 47th Hawaii International Conference on, Hawaii, USA, 2014.

A. Chatfield, H. Scholl and U. Brajawidagda, “#Sandy Tweets: Citizens’ Co-Production of Time-Critical Information During an Unfolding Catastrophe,” in System Sciences (HICSS), 47th Hawaii International Conference on, Hawaii, USA, 2014.

Semiocast, “Twitter Reaches Half a Billion Accounts: More Than 140 Millions in the U.S.,” 2012. [Online]. Available: http://semiocast.com/en/publications/2012_07_30_Twitter_reaches_half_a_billion_accounts_140m_in_the_US. [Accessed 30 August 2013].

A. Chatfield and U. Brajawidagda, “Twitter Early Tsunami Warning System: A Case Study in Indonesia's Natural Disaster Management,” in System Sciences (HICSS), 46th Hawaii International Conference on, Hawaii, USA, 2013.

H. Abdelsalam, C. Reddick, S. Gamal and A. Al-shaar, “Social Media in Egyptian Government Websites: Presence, Usage, and Effectiveness,” Government Information Quarterly, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 406-416, 2013.

E. Bonsón, L. Torres, S. Royo and F. Flores, “Local E-Government 2.0: Social Media and Corporate Transparency in Municipalities,” Government Information Quarterly, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 123-132, 2012.

L. Palen, “Online Social Media in Crisis Events,” Educause Quarterly, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 76-78, 2008.

J. Sutton, L. Palen and I. Shklovski, “Backchannels on the Front Lines: Emergent Uses of Social Media in the 2007 Southern California Wildfires,” in 5th International Association for Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management Conference (ISCRAM), Washington, DC, USA, 2008.

K. Starbird and L. Palen, , “Pass It On?: Retweeting in Mass Emergency,” in 7th International Association for Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM), Seattle, WA, USA, 2010.

M. Birowo, “Community Media and Civic Action in Response to Volcanic Hazards,” in Crisis Information Management: Communication and Technologies, Oxford, UK, Chandos Publishing, 2011, pp. 139-153.

Y. Nugroho, “Citizens in @Ction: Collaboration, Participatory Democracy and Freedom of Information – Mapping Contemporary Civic Activism and the Use of New Social Media in Indonesia,” MIOIR and HIVOS, 2011.

A. Chatfield, C. Reddick, D. Inan and U. Brajawidagda, “E-Government, Social Media, and Risk Perception Communication at the Edge of Disaster: Findings from the Mt. Sinabung Eruption in Indonesia,” in Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research, Aguascalientes, Mexico, 2014.

U. Brajawidagda, A. Chatfield and C. Reddick, “The Imperative of Government Transparency in Crisis Communication: The Case of Airasia Qz8501 Crash,” in Proceedings of the 16th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research, Phoenix, Arizona, 2015.

P. Oktafiani, A. Jariyah, S. Fitri and H. Takako, “Social Media Analysis for Indonesian Language: Case Study Flood in Jakarta,” in Advanced Computer Science and Information Systems (ICACSIS), 2012 International Conference on, Depok, Indonesia, 2012.

P. Perez, T. du Chemin, E. Turpin and R. Clarke, “Citizen-Driven Flood Mapping in Jakarta: A Self-Organising Socio-Technical System,” in Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems Workshops (SASOW), 2015 IEEE International Conference on, Cambridge, MA, USA, 2015.

U. Brajawidagda, C. Reddick and A. Chatfield, “Social Media and Urban Resilience: A Case Study of the 2016 Jakarta Terror Attack,” in Proceedings of the 17th International Digital Government Research Conference on Digital Government Research, Shanghai, China, 2016.

J. Kimberly and M. Evanisko, “Organizational Innovation: The Influence of Individual, Organizational, and Contextual Factors on Hospital Adoption of Technological and Administrative Innovations,” Academy of Management Journal, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 689-713, 1981.

F. Damanpour and M. Schneider, “Phases of the Adoption of Innovation in Organizations: Effects of Environment, Organization and Top Managers,” British Journal of Management, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 215-236, 2006.

E. Karahanna, D. Straub and N. Chervany, “Information Technology Adoption across Time: A Cross-Sectional Comparison of Pre-Adoption and Post-Adoption Beliefs,” MIS Quarterly , vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 183-213, 1999.

V. Thompson, “Bureaucracy and Innovation,” Administrative Science Quarterly , vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1-20, 1965.

J. Pierce and A. Delbecq, “Organization Structure, Individual Attitudes and Innovation,” Academy of Management Review, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 27-37, 1977.

I. Mergel and S. Bretschneider, “A Three-Stage Adoption Process for Social Media Use in Government,” Public Administration Review , vol. 73, no. 3, pp. 390-400, 2013.

PeGI, “Pegi Tingkat Provinsi Tahun 2015,” 2015. [Online]. Available: http://pegi.layanan.go.id/download/tabel_pegi_2015/2015_PROVINSI.PNG. [Accessed September 2016].

PeGI, “Dimensi Pemeringkatan E-Government Indonesia,” 2015. [Online]. Available: http://pegi.layanan.go.id/tentang-pegi/dimensi-pemeringkatan-e-government-indonesia/. [Accessed September 2016].




DOI: https://doi.org/10.30591/jpit.v11i1.9292

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

JPIT INDEXED BY

  
  

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.